Dopo lo shock iniziale delle prime mestruazioni, queste diventano gradualmente parte della vita. Potresti imparare a riconoscere l’insorgere di sconvolgimenti emotivi, fare scorta di antidolorifici per affrontare i crampi e assicurarti di avere i tamponi in borsa. Tuttavia, a parte affrontare gli aspetti pratici delle mestruazioni, queste possono avere sul tuo corpo un impatto maggiore di quanto tu te ne renda conto.
Durante le mestruazioni perdi sangue, che contiene ferro. Questa perdita significa che le donne hanno bisogno di una quantità di ferro nella dieta fino a due volte maggiore rispetto agli uomini.1
Se la quantità di ferro nella tua dieta non è sufficiente per pareggiare la quantità di ferro persa con la mestruazione, potresti avere una carenza di ferro. Carenza di ferro significa che non hai abbastanza ferro per rispondere alle necessità del tuo corpo.2 La carenza di ferro può portare a un’anemia sideropenica. Questo significa che non riesci più a produrre il numero di globuli rossi sani di cui hai bisogno.2 Avere una carenza di ferro o un’anemia da carenza di ferro può farti sentire esausta, causarti difficoltà di concentrazione e renderti più esposta alle infezioni.
Forte sanguinamento mestruale e carenza di ferro
Anche se non pensi di soffrire di HMB (Heavy menstrual bleeding, abbondante sanguinamento mestruale), potresti comunque avere problemi a ripristinare il ferro perso durante la mestruazione. La carenza di ferro è comune nelle donne e può avere un impatto sul tuo stato di salute generale.
Segni di carenza di ferro
La stanchezza può sembrare una normale conseguenza delle mestruazioni, ma se la spossatezza è estrema, e in genere non ti senti meglio tra un flusso mestruale e l’altro, potresti avvertire un gran senso di affaticamento (astenia), che potrebbe essere dovuto a carenza di ferro.3
Altri segni di carenza di ferro e anemia da carenza di ferro includono un aspetto pallido4 e il fatto di perdere la concentrazione facilmente.
Potrei avere una carenza di ferro, cosa posso fare?
Le mestruazioni diventano talmente parte della vita che potresti non pensare di parlarne con il tuo medico. Potresti pensare che anche se sono abbondanti, devi semplicemente conviverci. Ma se le mestruazioni hanno un effetto negativo sulla tua vita, che siano abbondanti o meno, dovresti richiedere un parere al tuo medico curante.
Ricorda, le mestruazioni sono solo una parte della vita, non fartene sopraffare.
- Zimmermann M, Hurrell R. Nutritional iron deficiency. Lancet. 2007;370:511-520. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673607612355. Accessed October 13, 2013.
- Crichton R, Danielson B, Geisser P. Iron therapy with special emphasis on intravenous administration P32. 2008.
- Peyrin-Biroulet L, Williet N, Cacoub P. Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency across indications: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015;102(6):1585-94. doi:10.3945/ajcn.114.103366.
- Stoltzfus R, Edward-Raj A. Clinical pallor is useful to detect severe anemia in populations where anemia is prevalent and severe. J Nutr. 1999;129(May):1675-1681. Available at: http://jn.nutrition.org/content/129/9/1675.short. Accessed February 11, 2014.
WHEN LIVING
WITH HEAVY PERIODS,
YOUR IRON COUNTS.
If heavy periods impact your quality of life and disrupt your day, it could be due to low iron.1-3
Here you'll learn the symptoms of iron deficiency. You'll also learn about steps you can take to get your iron levels back on track for a better quality of life.2
Many women who experience heavy bleeding are living with iron deficiency or iron deficiency anaemia, yet it may go under diagnosed and under treated.1,4
Periods are a fact of life. While you'll be familiar with the signs of your cycle and how it can make you feel, you may be iron deficient or have iron deficiency anaemia as a result of your period.2 This can leave you feeling off your game.1-2
As you lose blood, you also lose iron. When the iron in your diet is not enough to match the amount of iron you lose in your period, your body's iron stores deplete.
This can lead to iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia.5
IRON DEFICIENCY AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA ARE COMMON IN WOMEN
WHO HAVE EXCESSIVE MENSTRUAL BLEEDING.1
Up to 1 in 4 women of reproductive age experience heavy menstrual bleeding6
2 in 3 women are living with iron deficiency or anaemia1*
It is reported that menstruating women are 10x more likely to be iron deficient or anaemic than men7
Nearly half of women who have a heavy flow during their menstrual cycle do not seek help.1* But remember, it is a recognised medical condition, called heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) or menorrhagia.1,3
DO YOU KNOW
THE SIGNS
OF LOW IRON LEVELS
When living with heavy periods, knowing the symptoms of iron deficiency is essential as low iron can impact your quality of life.2
Iron deficiency and heavy periods share many presenting signs and symptoms, which can be broad and non-specific, including fatigue.1,8
Tiredness may seem like a normal consequence of having a period, but if the exhaustion is severe and doesn't improve between periods, this may be fatigue due to iron deficiency.8
Other signs of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia include:6-11
Headache
Poor
concentration
Reduced work
performance
Looking
pale
Feeling
cold
Hair loss
While living with heavy menstrual bleeding can be hard, keeping your iron levels on track could play an important role in your health and wellness.2
In a survey, up to
9 in 10
women living with heavy menstrual bleeding who were iron deficient or had iron deficiency anaemia reported that it adversely impacted their health and their physical and emotional wellbeing.2
Did you know? Iron is essential for:
Your health and wellbeing as well as mental, physical performance and work productivity. Iron is also involved in numerous functions in the body.1,2
Your skin, hair and blood cells. Iron is a fundamental part of the process of growing and renewing these cells12
Your energy levels, muscle and brain function, and immune system. Iron is also needed to help keep your body warm.13-16
If you’re feeling off your game, talk to your doctor about your signs and symptoms.
You may feel that although your periods are very heavy, you just need to get on with it. Keep in mind that while heavy periods and low iron can impact your quality of life, medical intervention can also help to address and improve it. 2,17
Indeed, studies show that women with restored iron levels treated for heavy menstrual bleeding experienced improved quality of life, physically, emotionally and in their social lives, including a feeling of having more energy and less anxiety. 2
start the
conversation
When your doctor is assessing the length and severity of your period, it is important to tell them how you are really feeling. Speaking openly about your symptoms will help your physician to understand if you are low on iron.18
Don’t forget you can ask to see a female doctor, or you may feel more comfortable talking to a nurse at first.
Your healthcare professional may:
Investigate what's causing your heavy periods and the related impacts on your life2,17
Test your iron levels through a ferritin test alongside other blood tests17-19
Advise on different therapeutic options to restore your iron levels2,20
And remember, even if you feel that your period isn’t particularly heavy, you should still talk to your doctor if you are experiencing the signs of low iron.
To prepare for your consultation, try the symptoms browser
don’t let iron deficiency distrupt your day
Keeping your iron on track when living with heavy periods can support improved quality of life for you.1,21
* Based on an internet-based survey conducted among 4,506 women (aged 18-57 years) in five European countries between January and February 2012
** Not an actual patient
- Fraser IS, et al. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2015;128:196–200.
- Peuranpaa P, et al. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2014;93:654–60.
- Opinium Research. Practice Nurse 2018;48(7):1–7.
- Mirza F, et al, Expert Review of Hematology 2018;11(9):727–36.
- Crichton R, et al. UNI-MED Verlag AG 2008;D-28323.
- Marret H, et al. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2010;152:133–7.
- Breymann C, et al. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2013;73:256–61.
- Breymann C, et al. Hematol 2014, Am Soc Hematol Edu Prog Book 2017(1);152–9.
- Patil AV and Malagi U. The Pharma Innovation Journal 2019;8(9):523–7.
- Percy L, et al. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2017;40:55–67.
- Dugan C, et al. Anaesthesia 2021;76:56–62.
- Zhang C. Protein Cell 2014;5(10):750–60.
- Agarwal R. Am J Nephrol 2007;27(6):565–71.
- Stugiewicz M, et al. Eur J Heart Fail 2016;18:762–73.
- Lozoff B, et al. Nutr Rev 2006;64:S34–S91.
- Piñero DJ and Connor JR. Neurosci 2000;6(6):435–53.
- NICE. Heavy Menstrual Bleeding: Assessment and management. 2018. Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng88 (accessed July 2021).
- Soppi ET. Clinical Case Reports 2018;6(6):1082–86.
- World Health Organization. WHO guideline on use of ferritin concentrations to assess iron status in individuals and populations. World Health Organization 2020.
- Peyrin-Biroulet L, et al. Am J Clin Nutr 2015;102(6):1585–94.
- Kocaoz S, et al. Pak J Med Sci 2019;35(2):365–70.
HQ-NA-2100153. Date of preparation: September 2021.